the edges in the middle or horizontal layer, 4. Most of the "standard" classical approaches solve the cube layer by layer. One of the key observations was that the solution can be broken down into several steps. Here we mention two solutions from around 1981 by Philip Marshall's comparison of various classical methods. The first widely publicized solutions to the Rubik's Cube appeared in the early 1980s, when quite a number of solutions where published in books and articles. Here we list methods that are described in some detail in this Wikibook, before briefly reviewing other methods in the following sections. There are a large variety of methods to solve the Rubik's Cube. R′ B R D2 F2 L U′ F U R′ D R F D F′ F′ D′ F U2 R′ D′ R U2 U′ F′ D′ F U U B′ D′ B U′ y2 F D2 F2 R F R′ B′ D F D′ B D F′ F2 D M D2 M′ D F2 (54 moves, demo) Methods U B′ R2 D′ U′ R U2 B R′ B2 L2 R F2 R2 U2 R B U2 F2 L2 F2 D R B2 R2 ( demo: scramble) 25 move scrambles are used to mix up the cube. x is R, y is U and z is F, but since this sort of move also changes the colors of the center-tiles, it is used sparingly.Īs an example, let's consider a complete solve.